Kukula kwa ntchito
◇ Mafakitale opanda katundu wolemera, monga zamagetsi, zida zamagetsi, makina, mafakitale a mankhwala, mankhwala, nsalu, zovala, fodya ndi mafakitale ena.
◇ Pansi pa simenti kapena terrazzo m'nyumba zosungiramo katundu, masitolo akuluakulu, malo oimika magalimoto ndi malo ena apadera.
◇ Kupaka makoma ndi denga lopanda fumbi ndi zofunikira pakuyeretsa.
Makhalidwe a magwiridwe antchito
◇ Mawonekedwe athyathyathya komanso owala, mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
◇ Yosavuta kuyeretsa ndi kusamalira.
◇ Kumamatira mwamphamvu, kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso kukana kugunda.
◇ Kukana kwambiri kukanda.
◇ Kapangidwe kake mwachangu komanso mtengo wake ndi wotsika.
Makhalidwe a dongosolo
◇ Yopangidwa ndi zosungunulira, mtundu wolimba, wonyezimira kapena wosawoneka bwino.
◇ Kukhuthala 0.5-0.8mm.
◇ Nthawi yonse yogwira ntchito ndi zaka 3-5.
Njira yomanga
Kukonza nthaka yopanda kanthu: kuyeretsa, pansi pake pamafunika ng'oma youma, yathyathyathya, yopanda dzenje, kapena kuyeretsa kwambiri;
Choyambira: chophatikiza kawiri, sakanizani bwino malinga ndi kuchuluka komwe kwatchulidwa (mphindi 2-3 za magetsi ozungulira), pindani kapena kukanda kapangidwe kake;
Mu utoto: zigawo ziwiri malinga ndi kuchuluka komwe kwatchulidwa kwa kusakaniza kofanana (kuzungulira kwamagetsi kwa mphindi 2-3), ndi kapangidwe kokanda;
Malizitsani utoto: sakanizani chopaka utoto ndi chopopera molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa momwe mwafotokozera (kuzungulira kwa magetsi kwa mphindi 2-3), ndi chopopera chozungulira kapena chopopera.
Chizindikiro chaukadaulo
| Chinthu choyesera | Chizindikiro | |
| Nthawi youma, H | Kuuma pamwamba (H) | ≤4 |
| Kuuma kolimba (H) | ≤24 | |
| Kumatira, kalasi | ≤1 | |
| Kuuma kwa pensulo | ≥2H | |
| Kukana kwamphamvu, Kg · cm | 50 mpaka | |
| Kusinthasintha | 1mm pass | |
| Kukana kutsekeka kwa thupi (750g/500r, kuchepetsa thupi, g) | ≤0.04 | |
| Kukana madzi | Maola 48 popanda kusintha | |
| Wosagonjetsedwa ndi 10% sulfuric acid | Masiku 56 osasintha | |
| Wosagonjetsedwa ndi 10% sodium hydroxide | Masiku 56 osasintha | |
| Yolimba ku petulo, 120# | Masiku 56 osasintha | |
| Wosagonja ku mafuta odzola | Masiku 56 osasintha | |
Mbiri yomanga
