Nkhani

Chiyambi

Pa ntchito yomanga, kukongoletsa nyumba ndi mafakitale ambiri, utoto ndi zokutira zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Kuyambira matabwa osema a nyumba zakale mpaka makoma okongola a nyumba zamakono, kuyambira utoto wowala wa zipolopolo zamagalimoto mpaka kuteteza dzimbiri kwa zitsulo zoteteza mlatho, utoto ndi zokutira zikupitirizabe kukwaniritsa zosowa zosiyanasiyana za anthu okhala ndi mitundu ndi ntchito zawo zokongola. Ndi chitukuko chopitilira cha sayansi ndi ukadaulo, mitundu ya utoto ndi zokutira zikuchulukirachulukira, ndipo magwiridwe antchito akuchulukirachulukira.

1, gulu losiyanasiyana la zophimba utoto

(1) Yogawidwa m'zigawo
Utoto umagawidwa makamaka mu utoto wa pakhoma, utoto wamatabwa ndi utoto wachitsulo. Utoto wa pakhoma makamaka ndi utoto wa latex ndi mitundu ina, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa khoma mkati ndi kunja, zomwe zingapereke mtundu wokongola komanso chitetezo china pakhoma. Utoto wa pakhoma wakunja umalimbana ndi madzi, woyenera kumanga khoma lakunja; Kapangidwe ka utoto wa pakhoma mkati ndi kosavuta, kotetezeka, nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa khoma lamkati. Lacquer yamatabwa makamaka imakhala ndi utoto wa nitro, utoto wa polyurethane ndi zina zotero. Nitro varnish ndi utoto wowonekera bwino, utoto wosasunthika, wouma mwachangu, wofewa wowala, wogawidwa mu kuwala, theka-matte ndi matte atatu, woyenera matabwa, mipando, ndi zina zotero, koma sungagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi chinyezi ndipo zinthu zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi kutentha siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Filimu ya utoto wa polyurethane ndi yolimba, yonyezimira komanso yodzaza, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, yolimba, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mipando yapamwamba yamatabwa ndi pamwamba pa chitsulo. Utoto wachitsulo makamaka ndi enamel, woyenera maukonde achitsulo, ndi zina zotero, chophimbacho ndi mtundu wa magneto-optical mukawuma.

(2) Yogawidwa ndi boma

Utoto umagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: utoto wochokera m'madzi ndi utoto wochokera mu mafuta. Utoto wa latex ndiye utoto waukulu wochokera m'madzi, womwe umasungunuka ndi madzi, umamangidwa mosavuta, umakhala wotetezeka, umatsukidwa, mpweya wabwino umalowa, ndipo ukhoza kukonzedwa motsatira mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Utoto wa nitrate, utoto wa polyurethane ndi zina zotero nthawi zambiri umakhala utoto wochokera m'mafuta, utoto wochokera m'mafuta umadziwika ndi liwiro louma pang'onopang'ono, koma m'mbali zina umakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino, monga kuuma kwambiri.

(3) Kugawidwa ndi ntchito

Utotowu ungagawidwe m'magulu awiri: utoto wosalowa madzi, utoto wosayaka moto, utoto woletsa chimfine, utoto woletsa udzudzu ndi utoto wothandiza ntchito zambiri. Utoto wosalowa madzi umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'malo omwe amafunika kuti asalowe madzi, monga m'bafa, m'makhitchini, ndi zina zotero. Utoto woletsa moto ungathandize kwambiri popewa moto, woyenera malo omwe ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu pamoto; Utoto woletsa chimfine ungalepheretse kukula kwa nkhungu, nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ozizira; Utoto woletsa udzudzu umagwira ntchito ngati udzudzu ndipo ndi woyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yachilimwe. Utoto wothandiza ntchito zambiri ndi gulu la ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuti ukhale wosavuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.

(4) Yogawidwa malinga ndi mawonekedwe a zochita

Utoto wosasinthasintha pakuuma umatha kuwononga zinthu zosungunulira, liwiro louma limakhala lachangu, koma lingayambitse kuipitsa chilengedwe. Utoto wosasinthasintha susinthasintha pakuuma, ndi wochezeka, koma nthawi youma ingakhale yayitali. Utoto wosasinthasintha ndi woyenera pazochitika zomwe zimafuna kuuma mwachangu, monga kukonza mipando yaying'ono; Utoto wosasinthasintha ndi woyenera malo omwe ali ndi zofunikira zambiri zoteteza chilengedwe, monga kukongoletsa nyumba.

(5) Yogawidwa ndi zotsatira za pamwamba

Utoto wowonekera bwino ndi utoto wowonekera bwino wopanda utoto, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kusonyeza kapangidwe kachilengedwe ka matabwa, monga varnish yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamatabwa, mipando ndi zina zotero. Utoto wowonekera bwino ukhoza kuwulula pang'ono mtundu ndi kapangidwe ka substrate, ndikupanga mawonekedwe apadera okongoletsera. Utoto wowonekera bwino umaphimba kwathunthu mtundu ndi kapangidwe ka substrate, ndipo ukhoza kukongoletsedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zosowa, ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, monga makoma, malo achitsulo ndi zina zotero.

2, mitundu 10 yodziwika bwino ya mawonekedwe a utoto

(1) Utoto wa acrylic latex

Utoto wa latex wa acrylic nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi emulsion ya acrylic, zodzoladzola, madzi ndi zowonjezera. Uli ndi ubwino wa mtengo wochepa, kukana nyengo yabwino, kusintha bwino magwiridwe antchito komanso kumasula zosungunulira zachilengedwe. Malinga ndi kupanga kosiyanasiyana, zipangizo zopangira zitha kugawidwa mu C yoyera, benzene C, silicone C, viniga C ndi mitundu ina. Malinga ndi kuwala, kukongoletsa kumagawidwa mu mitundu yopanda kuwala, matte, mercerization ndi kuwala. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popaka mkati ndi kunja kwa nyumba, kujambula zikopa, ndi zina zotero. Posachedwapa, pakhala mitundu yatsopano ya utoto wa latex wamatabwa ndi utoto wa latex wodziphatika.

(2) Utoto wa acrylic wopangidwa ndi zosungunulira

Utoto wa acrylic wopangidwa ndi zosungunulira ukhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: utoto wa acrylic wodziumitsa wokha (mtundu wa thermoplastic) ndi utoto wa acrylic wothira wolumikizidwa (mtundu wa thermosetting). Zophimba za acrylic zodziumitsa zokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka muzophimba zomangamanga, zophimba zapulasitiki, zophimba zamagetsi, zophimba zolembera pamsewu, ndi zina zotero, ndi ubwino wa kuumitsa mofulumira pamwamba, kumanga kosavuta, kuteteza ndi kukongoletsa. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolimba sikophweka kukhala kokwera kwambiri, kuuma ndi kusinthasintha sikophweka kuganizira, kapangidwe kake sikangakhale ndi filimu yokhuthala kwambiri, ndipo kudzaza kwa filimu sikoyenera. Zophimba za acrylic zothira zolumikizidwa makamaka ndi utoto wa acrylic amino, utoto wa acrylic polyurethane, utoto wa acrylic acid alkyd, utoto wa acrylic wothira radiation ndi mitundu ina, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu utoto wamagalimoto, utoto wamagetsi, utoto wamatabwa, utoto wa zomangamanga ndi zina zotero. Zophimba za acrylic zothira zolumikizidwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zinthu zolimba kwambiri, zophimba zimatha kukhala ndi filimu yokhuthala kwambiri, komanso zinthu zabwino kwambiri zamakanika, zimatha kupangidwa kukhala zolimba kwambiri, zodzaza kwambiri, zokhuthala kwambiri, komanso kuuma kwakukulu kwa zophimba. Choyipa chake ndi chakuti kupaka utoto wa zigawo ziwiri, kapangidwe kake ndi kovuta kwambiri, mitundu yambiri imafunikanso kutenthetsa kapena kuchiritsa pogwiritsa ntchito ma radiation, momwe zinthu zilili m'chilengedwe ndi zapamwamba kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimafunikira zida zabwino, luso lopaka utoto laluso kwambiri.

(3) Utoto wa polyurethane

Zophimba za polyurethane zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri a polyurethane ndi chimodzi cha polyurethane. Zophimba za polyurethane zokhala ndi magawo awiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi magawo awiri: isocyanate prepolymer ndi hydroxyl resin. Pali mitundu yambiri ya zophimba zamtunduwu, zomwe zitha kugawidwa m'magulu a acrylic polyurethane, alkyd polyurethane, polyester polyurethane, polyether polyurethane, epoxy polyurethane ndi mitundu ina malinga ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana zomwe zili ndi hydroxy. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mphamvu zabwino zamakanika, zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, mbali zonse za magwiridwe antchito ndizabwino, njira yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito ndi utoto wamatabwa, utoto wokonza magalimoto, utoto wotsutsana ndi dzimbiri, utoto wapansi, utoto wamagetsi, utoto wapadera ndi zina zotero. Choyipa chake ndichakuti njira yomangira ndi yovuta, malo omangira ndi ovuta kwambiri, ndipo filimu ya utoto ndi yosavuta kupanga zolakwika. Zophimba za polyurethane zokhala ndi gawo limodzi makamaka ndi zophimba zamafuta a ammonia ester, zophimba za polyurethane zochiritsika ndi chinyezi, zophimba za polyurethane zotsekedwa ndi mitundu ina, pamwamba pake sipalikulu ngati zophimba za magawo awiri, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popangira pansi, zophimba zotsutsana ndi dzimbiri, zophimba za pre-coil, ndi zina zotero, magwiridwe antchito onse siabwino ngati zophimba za magawo awiri.

(4) Utoto wa Nitrocellulose

Lacquer ndi matabwa odziwika bwino ndipo amakongoletsedwa ndi zokutira. Ubwino wake ndi kukongoletsa bwino, kapangidwe kosavuta, kuumitsa mwachangu, sikofunikira kwambiri pa malo ojambulira, ndi kuuma bwino komanso kuwala, sikophweka kuwoneka ngati zolakwika pa filimu ya utoto, kukonza kosavuta. Choyipa chake ndichakuti zinthu zolimba ndizochepa, ndipo njira zambiri zomangira zimafunika kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino; Kulimba sikwabwino kwenikweni, makamaka utoto wamkati wa nitrocellulose, kusunga kwake kuwala sikwabwino, kugwiritsa ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa kungayambitse kutaya kuwala, ming'alu, kusintha mtundu ndi zovuta zina; Chitetezo cha filimu ya utoto sichabwino, sichimalimbana ndi zosungunulira zachilengedwe, kukana kutentha, kukana dzimbiri. Zinthu zazikulu zopangira filimu ya nitrocellurocelluene zimapangidwa makamaka ndi ma resin ofewa komanso olimba monga alkyd resin, modified rosin resin, acrylic resin ndi amino resin. Nthawi zambiri, ndikofunikiranso kuwonjezera dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl ester, oxidized castor oil ndi ma plasticizer ena. Zosungunulira zazikulu ndi zosungunulira zenizeni monga ma esters, ma ketone ndi ma ether a mowa, zosungunulira zina monga ma alcohols, ndi zosungunulira monga benzene. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popaka utoto wamatabwa ndi mipando, kukongoletsa nyumba, kujambula zokongoletsera, kujambula zitsulo, kujambula simenti wamba ndi zina zotero.

(5) Utoto wa epoxy

Utoto wa epoxy umatanthauza zokutira zomwe zili ndi magulu ambiri a epoxy mu kapangidwe ka utoto wa epoxy, womwe nthawi zambiri umakhala wokutira wa magawo awiri wopangidwa ndi epoxy resin ndi wothandizira wochiritsa. Ubwino wake ndi wogwirizana kwambiri ndi zinthu zopanda chilengedwe monga simenti ndi chitsulo; Utoto wokha sulimbana ndi dzimbiri; Makhalidwe abwino kwambiri amakina, sungathe kuwonongeka, sungathe kukhudzidwa; Ukhoza kupangidwa kukhala utoto wopanda zosungunulira kapena wolimba kwambiri; Sungathe kukana zosungunulira zachilengedwe, kutentha ndi madzi. Choyipa chake ndichakuti kukana kwa nyengo sikwabwino, kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali kungawoneke ngati chinthu cha ufa, kotero chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kokha pa utoto wa primer kapena wamkati; Kukongoletsa koipa, kunyezimira sikophweka kusamalira; Zofunikira pa malo omangira ndi zapamwamba, ndipo kuchiritsa filimu kumakhala pang'onopang'ono kutentha kochepa, kotero zotsatira zake sizikhala zabwino. Mitundu yambiri imafuna kuchiritsa kutentha kwambiri, ndipo ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito zida zophikira ndi zazikulu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popaka pansi, primer yamagalimoto, kuteteza dzimbiri yachitsulo, kuteteza dzimbiri ya mankhwala ndi zina zotero.

(6) Utoto wa amino

Utoto wa amino umapangidwa makamaka ndi zigawo za amino resin ndi zigawo za hydroxyl resin. Kuwonjezera pa utoto wa urea-formaldehyde resin (womwe umadziwika kuti utoto wokonzedwa ndi acid) wa utoto wamatabwa, mitundu yayikulu imafunika kutenthedwa kuti iume, ndipo kutentha kwa kuuma nthawi zambiri kumakhala pamwamba pa 100 ° C, ndipo nthawi youma ndi yoposa mphindi 20. Filimu ya utoto wokonzedwa imakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino, olimba komanso odzaza, owala komanso okongola, olimba komanso olimba, ndipo ali ndi zokongoletsa zabwino komanso zoteteza. Choyipa chake ndichakuti zofunikira pa zida zopaka utoto ndizokwera, mphamvu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo sizoyenera kupanga zinthu zazing'ono. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa utoto wamagalimoto, utoto wa mipando, utoto wa zida zapakhomo, mitundu yonse ya utoto wachitsulo pamwamba, zida zojambulira ndi utoto wa zida zamafakitale.

(7) Zophimba zophikira asidi

Ubwino wa zophimba zophimbidwa ndi asidi ndi filimu yolimba, kuwonekera bwino, kukana chikasu bwino, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana madzi komanso kukana kuzizira. Komabe, chifukwa utotowo uli ndi formaldehyde yaulere, kuvulaza thupi kwa ogwira ntchito yomanga kumakhala koopsa kwambiri, mabizinesi ambiri sagwiritsanso ntchito zinthu zotere.

(8) Utoto wosakhuthala wa polyester

Utoto wa polyester wosakhazikika umagawidwa m'magulu awiri: polyester wosakhazikika wouma ndi mpweya ndi radiation curing (light curing) polyester wosakhazikika, womwe ndi mtundu wa utoto womwe wapangidwa mwachangu posachedwapa.

(9) Zophimba zochiritsika ndi UV

Ubwino wa utoto wothira ndi UV ndi umodzi mwa mitundu yosamalira chilengedwe kwambiri pakadali pano, wokhala ndi zinthu zolimba kwambiri, kuuma bwino, kuwonekera bwino, kukana chikasu bwino, nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito, kugwira ntchito bwino komanso mtengo wotsika wopaka utoto. Choyipa chake ndichakuti umafuna ndalama zambiri zogulira zida, payenera kukhala zinthu zokwanira kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zopangira, kupanga kosalekeza kumatha kuwonetsa kugwira ntchito kwake bwino komanso kuwongolera ndalama, ndipo zotsatira za utoto wozungulira zimakhala zoyipa pang'ono kuposa za utoto wa PU.

(10) Utoto wina wamba
Kuwonjezera pa mitundu isanu ndi inayi yodziwika bwino ya utoto, palinso mitundu ina yodziwika bwino yomwe siili m'gulu la zinthu zomwe zili m'chikalatacho. Mwachitsanzo, utoto wachilengedwe, wopangidwa ndi utomoni wachilengedwe ngati zinthu zopangira, woteteza chilengedwe, wosaopsa, wopanda kukoma, wosagwira ntchito komanso wosagwira madzi, woyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba, kusukulu, kuchipatala ndi m'nyumba zina zopangira zinthu zamatabwa, zinthu za nsungwi ndi zokongoletsera zina pamwamba. Utoto wosakanikirana ndi utoto wochokera ku mafuta, wothamanga kuumitsa, wosalala komanso wofewa, wosagwira madzi, wosavuta kuyeretsa, woyenera kunyumba, kuofesi ndi m'nyumba zina monga makoma, denga ndi zokongoletsera zina pamwamba, ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito kupaka utoto wachitsulo, matabwa ndi zina pamwamba. Utoto wa porcelain ndi utoto wa polima, wonyezimira bwino, wosagwira ntchito komanso wosagwira ntchito chifukwa cha dzimbiri, wolimba kwambiri, wogawidwa m'mitundu iwiri yosungunulira ndi yochokera m'madzi, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'nyumba, kusukulu, kuchipatala ndi m'nyumba zina zokongoletsera khoma, pansi ndi zina mkati.

3, kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya utoto

(1) Vanishi

Varnish, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti madzi a vari, ndi utoto wowonekera bwino womwe ulibe utoto. Mbali yake yayikulu ndi kuwonekera bwino kwambiri, komwe kungapangitse pamwamba pa matabwa, mipando ndi zinthu zina kuwonetsa kapangidwe koyambirira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukongoletsa kukhale kokongola kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, varnish ilibe zinthu zoopsa zomwe zimatha kusungunuka ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yomweyo itatha kuuma popanda kudikira kuti kukoma kuthe. Kuphatikiza apo, kupendekera kwa varnish kumakhala bwino, ngakhale utoto utang'ambika popaka utoto, ukapentanso, umasungunuka ndi kuwonjezera utoto watsopano, kotero kuti utotowo ukhale wosalala komanso wosalala. Kuphatikiza apo, varnish ili ndi mphamvu yabwino yotsutsana ndi ultraviolet, yomwe imatha kuteteza matabwa omwe aphimbidwa ndi varnish kwa nthawi yayitali, koma kuwala kwa ultraviolet kungapangitsenso varnish yowonekera kukhala yachikasu. Komabe, kuuma kwa varnish sikokwera kwambiri, ndikosavuta kupanga mikwingwirima yowonekera, kukana kutentha bwino, ndipo ndikosavuta kuwononga filimu ya utoto potentha kwambiri.

Varnish ndi yoyenera kwambiri pamatabwa, mipando ndi zinthu zina, imatha kugwira ntchito yoteteza chinyezi, yosatha komanso yosagwira ntchito ngati njenjete, zonse zimateteza mipando ndikuwonjezera mtundu.

(2) Mafuta oyera

Mafuta oyeretsa, omwe amadziwikanso kuti mafuta ophika, mafuta opaka utoto, ndi amodzi mwa mafuta ofunikira okongoletsera zitseko ndi mawindo, masiketi a pakhoma, zotenthetsera, mipando yothandizira ndi zina zotero pokongoletsa nyumba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu mipando yamatabwa, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimatha kuteteza zinthuzi, chifukwa mafuta oyeretsa ndi utoto wowonekera bwino womwe ulibe utoto, womwe ungateteze zinthuzo ku chinyezi ndipo suwonongeka mosavuta.

(3) Enamel

Enamel imapangidwa ndi varnish ngati maziko, kuwonjezera utoto ndi kupukutira, ndipo chophimbacho chimakhala ndi utoto wa magneto-optical ndi filimu yolimba pambuyo pouma. Enamel ya phenolic ndi enamel ya alkyd nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma mesh achitsulo. Enamel ili ndi mawonekedwe omatira kwambiri komanso oletsa dzimbiri, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitsulo choteteza dzimbiri, kutentha konyowa, topcoat ya pansi pa madzi, zigawo zachitsulo zomangiriridwa, primer yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, primer yotsekera khoma lakunja, ndi zina zotero.

Mwachitsanzo, pankhani yomanga, enamel ndi utoto wa magawo awiri, kapangidwe kake pa kutentha kwa chipinda, kosakwana 5 ° C kuyenera kupangidwa, ndi gawo lokhwima komanso nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito. Mu njira yowumitsa, enamel ndi yolumikizana ndi magawo awiri, singagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchuluka kwa wothandizira wochiritsa kuti asinthe liwiro louma, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamalo ochepera 150 ℃. Enamel ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito makulidwe a filimu yokhuthala, ndipo chophimba chilichonse ndi chopopera chopanda mpweya, mpaka 1000μm. Ndipo enamel ikhoza kufananizidwa ndi utoto wa rabara wa chlorinated, utoto wa acrylic polyurethane, utoto wa aliphatic polyurethane, utoto wa fluorocarbon kuti apange chophimba choteteza kutentha kwambiri. Kukana kwake ndi dzimbiri la alkali, kukana dzimbiri la mchere, kukana zosungunulira, chinyezi ndi kutentha, koma kukana kwa nyengo koipa, nthawi zambiri ngati choyambira kapena zida zamkati, zida zapansi panthaka zokhala ndi utoto. Kumamatira kwa enamel pazitsulo zachitsulo, zitsulo zopanda chitsulo, chitsulo cha galvanized ndikwabwino kwambiri, kungagwiritsidwe ntchito mu kapangidwe kachitsulo, zigawo zachitsulo za galvanized, chitsulo chagalasi ndi zina. Kukongoletsa kwa enamel ndi kwapadera, makamaka utomoni wa alkyd, wokhala ndi kuwala kwabwino, kukana nyengo, kukana madzi, kumamatira mwamphamvu, kumatha kupirira kusintha kwamphamvu kwa nyengo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kuphatikizapo chitsulo, matabwa, mitundu yonse ya zida zamagalimoto ndi zida zachitsulo zamadzi.

(4) Utoto wokhuthala

Utoto wokhuthala umatchedwanso mafuta a lead. Umapangidwa ndi utoto ndi mafuta owuma osakaniza ndi kupukutidwa, amafunika kuwonjezera mafuta a nsomba, zosungunulira ndi zina zosungunulira musanagwiritse ntchito. Mtundu uwu wa utoto uli ndi filimu yofewa, umamatira bwino ku utoto wapamwamba, mphamvu yobisala, ndipo ndi mtundu wotsika kwambiri wa utoto wochokera ku mafuta. Utoto wokhuthala ndi woyenera kumaliza ntchito zomanga kapena malo olumikizira mapaipi amadzi omwe ali ndi zofunikira zochepa. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati maziko a zinthu zamatabwa, ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito kusintha mtundu wa mafuta ndi putty.

(5) Kusakaniza utoto

Utoto wosakaniza, womwe umadziwikanso kuti utoto wosakaniza, ndi mtundu wa utoto womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndipo uli m'gulu la utoto wopangidwa. Umapangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta owuma ndi utoto ngati zinthu zoyambira, motero umatchedwa utoto wosakaniza wochokera ku mafuta. Utoto wosakaniza uli ndi mawonekedwe owala, osalala, ofewa komanso olimba, ofanana ndi ceramic kapena enamel mu mawonekedwe, mtundu wolemera komanso wolimba. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zosowa zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsidwa ntchito, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matting agents ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku utoto wosakaniza, kuti apange mawonekedwe opepuka pang'ono kapena osawoneka bwino.

Utoto wosakanikirana ndi woyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa khoma lachitsulo, matabwa, ndi silikoni mkati ndi kunja. Pokongoletsa mkati, utoto wosakanikirana ndi maginito ndi wotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kukongoletsa kwake bwino, utoto wolimba komanso mawonekedwe owala komanso osalala, koma kukana kwa nyengo kumakhala kochepa poyerekeza ndi utoto wosakanikirana ndi mafuta. Malinga ndi utomoni waukulu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu utoto, utoto wosakanikirana ungagawidwe m'magulu awiri: utoto wosakanikirana ndi mafuta a calcium, utoto wosakanikirana ndi guluu wa ester, utoto wosakanikirana wa phenolic, ndi zina zotero. Kukana kwa nyengo ndi kutsuka bwino, koyenera kupaka utoto pamwamba pa matabwa ndi zitsulo monga nyumba, zida, zida za pafamu, magalimoto, mipando, ndi zina zotero.

(6) utoto woletsa dzimbiri

Utoto woletsa dzimbiri umaphatikizapo makamaka utoto wachikasu wa zinc, epoxy wofiira wachitsulo, filimu ya utoto ndi yolimba komanso yolimba, yomatirira bwino. Ngati igwiritsidwa ntchito ndi utoto wa vinyl phosphating, imatha kuletsa kutentha, kukana kupopera mchere, ndipo ndi yoyenera zinthu zachitsulo m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'madera otentha. Utoto woletsa dzimbiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuteteza zinthu zachitsulo, kupewa dzimbiri, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zachitsulo zimakhala zolimba komanso zogwira ntchito.

(7) Mafuta a mowa, utoto wa asidi

Mafuta a mowa, utoto wa alkyd umagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosungunulira zachilengedwe monga turpentine, madzi a paini, petulo, acetone, ether ndi zina zotero zomwe zimanunkha moyipa. Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa posankha zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa mtundu uwu wa utoto ukhoza kukhala ndi zosakaniza zina zomwe zimavulaza thanzi la anthu. Mukagwiritsa ntchito, mpweya wabwino ukhoza kufufuzidwa nthawi yake kuti muchepetse kuvulaza thupi la munthu. Mtundu uwu wa utoto nthawi zambiri umakhala woyenera pazithunzi zina zomwe sizifuna kukongoletsa kwambiri, koma zimafunika chitetezo.

Zambiri zaife

Kampani yathunthawi zonse wakhala akutsatira "sayansi ndi ukadaulo, khalidwe loyamba, kuona mtima komanso kudalirika, kukhazikitsa malamulo okhwima a ls0900l:.2000 dongosolo lapadziko lonse lapansi loyang'anira khalidwe. Kasamalidwe kathu kolimba, luso lathu lopanga zinthu zabwino, lapambana kudziwika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri.Monga katswiri fakitale yokhazikika komanso yolimba yaku China, titha kupereka zitsanzo kwa makasitomala omwe akufuna kugula, ngati mukufuna utoto uliwonse, chonde titumizireni.